There are four technical trends from the current trends what are considered among pioneers in this moment but they have well-grounded concepts. They are: content provision and agents, software radio, managing ad hoc networks and virtual private networks.
Content Provision and Agents
In the future the group of network supporters and the group of content-providers will be different significantly. The customer could pick and choose among the mobile application and their providers what offer high level of performance. The user chooses the best news reader program to his terminal and what is more he will determine his network supporter, too. So-called agent-technology will help his decision.
Agent means a special, intelligent program which runs basically on the owner terminal or it starts his work on it. Its aim to collect the user's habits in telecommunication and everyday life time and to offer gathered services based on them. Often these programs create new agents what run independently from user's terminal and travel indifferent networks to complete tasks of their parent agents. They contact to network supporters and to information or application providers to collect information with interest of user in view. Finally they compose a list of found and suitable services. Advantages of this technology are: the agents could accomplish multiple tasks (data mining, self location, finding other agents and users, etc) due to programmed intelligent; the agents usually do not run on user's equipment so they do not allocate its resources but they run on specified systems (for example Internet); the processed results could be displayed on the screen of mobile device easily. Other way, the monitoring of networks could be easier, too.
Software Radio
S/w radio is a newer tendency to reduce the number of components of h/w but to keep on the performance of functionality of the radio terminal. S/w radio is an emerging technology, thought to build flexible radio systems, multi user-vice, multi standard, reconfigurable and reprogrammable by software. The flexibility of an SW radio system consists in its capability to operate in multi service environments, without being constrained to a particular standard, but able to offer, in theory, services of any already standardized systems or future ones on any radio frequency band. The users could take a trip round the world with a SW radio, and he is able to communicate anywhere even though the local radio parameters (modulation, bandwidth) could be different than at home system. Any changes in functionality of radio could be caused by reloading the software of radio across the air interface. The software radio concept has several advantages. For manufacturers, there is the possibility to concentrate research and development efforts on a reduced hardware platform set, applicable to every cellular system and market. Mass production of this kind of terminals would allow lowered costs. Operators will be able to rapidly roll out new services tailored to the needs of each user. The advantages for users are the possibility to roam their communications to other cellular systems and take advantage of worldwide mobility. Moreover, users can configure their terminals according to their preferences.
Forging ahead of Ad Hoc Networks
We assume that the fourth generation mobile networks will mean globalize and uniform system. In the case of existing of more than one million users the efficient resource managing will be required because the frequency bandwidth and the data processing capabilities are limited. Situations could be evolved where users are close to each other but a distant base control processes their radio signals in conformity with current protocols. A reasonable solution is that the terminals should be able to transact their packet-based traffic among them while there is no need for administration of distance base control. In this way a lot of resources are freed and they could be reallocated.
Ad hoc networks are a set of uniform devices where the terminals have the identical hardware platform and there are no other assigned fix-settled equipments to control the systems. This type of network could provide better performance in particular cases. Situations of ad hoc will be usually in 2010 in everyday life. In our home the conventional tools and utensils will be "clever". For example the refrigerator will be able to sense the decrease of foods and it will order them using the Internet; our coffeemaker will make an offer about our breakfast; our heating system will adapt to our present at home; TV will find our programme-watching habits out and it will try to propose us the available best TV channels. Of course, there would be outdoor cases too
(disasters, extended network failures, etc) where the fix-settled infrastructures come to unusable states but the communications are required strongly. In this situation a fourth generation network with ad hoc extension could stand in the gap.
Virtual Private Networks
We could determine the rule that terminals of a world-wide communication system are far cheaper than others. It follows users' requirement that they want to establish a special private network based on it. For example a firm would like to deploy a mobile communication system to solve the communication problems between the employees but there are difficulties because of the high price of unique system and the frequency band allocation is a complex administrative task, too. Instead of it the solution would be easier if the firm could make a contract with a local or a global network supporter to divide its network reallocating resources; so the network supporter assigns a virtual private network to this firm what's workers could access to the network of their firm using a standard device. Of course, the fourth generation mobile networks require high security level, so efficient security and authentication processes should have been worked up. Naturally, stability of these systems are very important, too. Also bigger social group could have resort to a kind of networks we have to analyze the fourth generation networks whether they will have strong and efficient security processes to guarantee a level of data safety where general civic administration tasks would be done (e.g. prolongation of a driving license or execution of a general election). So practice of civic rights would be very cheap and the social decisions would be faster than nowadays. Disadvantage of it is the dependence upon the technology. It is easy to see that kind of extension of fourth generation mobile networks will be developed by above a limit of user requirements.
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